{"id":3106,"date":"2026-06-16T09:16:27","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T09:16:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidation.com\/?p=3106"},"modified":"2026-06-16T09:16:27","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T09:16:27","slug":"iyonik-sivi-ile-kukurt-giderme-scr-denitrifikasyonu-ve-elektrostatik-cokturme-yoluyla-kati-atik-kaynaklarinin-geri-kazanimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidation.com\/tr\/basvuru\/iyonik-sivi-ile-kukurt-giderme-scr-denitrifikasyonu-ve-elektrostatik-cokturme-yoluyla-kati-atik-kaynaklarinin-geri-kazanimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kat\u0131 At\u0131k Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Geri Kazan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderme, SCR Azot Giderme ve Elektrostatik \u00c7\u00f6keltme"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Vaka \u0130ncelemesi \u00b7 End\u00fcstriyel Emisyon Kontrol\u00fc<\/p>\n

\u00d6nde gelen bir kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00fcreticisi, i\u015fletme maliyetini en aza indirmek i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m\u0131 ile yenilik\u00e7i bir ESP + \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc + torba filtre + iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme + \u0131slak ESP proses zinciri kullanarak iki oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131ndan 97% SCR denitrifikasyon verimlili\u011fini, 35 mg\/Nm\u00b3'l\u00fck SO\u2082 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve 10 mg\/Nm\u00b3'l\u00fck PM \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l elde etti?<\/p>\n

Kur\u015fun-Asit Ak\u00fc Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcnden Kaynaklanan At\u0131k Gazlar<\/span>
\n\u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderimi<\/span>
\nD\u00fc\u015f\u00fck S\u0131cakl\u0131kta SCR Denitrifikasyonu<\/span>
\nIslak Elektrostatik \u00c7\u00f6keltici<\/span>
\nSeramik Karo Is\u0131 E\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc<\/span><\/div>\n<\/header>\n

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97%<\/div>\n
SCR Denitrifikasyonu<\/div>\n
NOx \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u226450 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u226435<\/div>\n
mg\/Nm\u00b3 SO\u2082 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/div>\n
\u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 FGD<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u226410<\/div>\n
mg\/Nm\u00b3 PM \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/div>\n
ESP + Torba Filtre + Islak ESP<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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40,000<\/div>\n
m\u00b3\/h<\/div>\n
Toplam Proses Baca Gaz\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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01 \u2014 Sekt\u00f6r Hakk\u0131nda Bilgiler<\/p>\n

Kat\u0131 At\u0131k Kaynak Geri Kazan\u0131m\u0131: Kur\u015fun-Asit Ak\u00fc Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve \u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderme Y\u00f6nteminin \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n

Kat\u0131 at\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131, d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel ekonomi politikas\u0131 ve end\u00fcstriyel emisyon kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn kesi\u015fim noktas\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kur\u015fun-asit ak\u00fclerden kur\u015funun geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yeniden eritilmesi, kat\u0131 at\u0131k kaynak geri kazan\u0131m end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7indeki en ekonomik ve teknik olarak zorlu sekt\u00f6rlerden biridir. Kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kur\u015fun-asit ak\u00fcler, oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131nda i\u015flendi\u011finde y\u00fcksek konsantrasyonlarda SO\u2082 (s\u00fclfat ve asit bile\u015fiklerinden), NOx (y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta yanma havas\u0131 reaksiyonlar\u0131ndan), ince kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren par\u00e7ac\u0131klar ve di\u011fer asit gaz t\u00fcrlerini i\u00e7eren at\u0131k gaz \u00fcreten art\u0131k s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit elektroliti, kur\u015fun s\u00fclfat macunu ve metalik kur\u015fun plakalar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu kirleticilerin t\u00fcm\u00fc, at\u0131k gaz de\u015farj edilmeden \u00f6nce s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde kontrol edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Bu vaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndaki i\u015fletme, kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve yeniden eritme sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00f6nde gelen uzman bir \u015firkettir ve ba\u015fl\u0131ca faaliyetleri aras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kur\u015fun-asit ak\u00fclerin geri kazan\u0131m\u0131, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f kur\u015fun \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in yeniden eritme ve al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00fcretimi yer almaktad\u0131r. Y\u0131ll\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 200.000 ton kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ak\u00fc i\u015fleme kapasitesi ve y\u0131ll\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 100.000 ton geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f kur\u015fun ve al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00fcretimi ile ikincil kur\u015fun geri kazan\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki \u00f6nde gelen i\u015fletmeler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Tesis, toplamda 180\u00b0C'de 40.000 m\u00b3\/saat baca gaz\u0131 hacmi \u00fcreten iki oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 (oksidasyon-indirgeme f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131) i\u015fletmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcnden kaynaklanan oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 baca gaz\u0131n\u0131n belirleyici \u00f6zelli\u011fi, y\u00fcksek SO\u2082 konsantrasyonu (600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3), y\u00fcksek NOx (600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3), y\u00fcksek oksijen i\u00e7eri\u011fi (8\u201316%) ve y\u00fcksek PM y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn, kur\u015fun partik\u00fclleri ve asit buhar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir gaz ortam\u0131nda ayn\u0131 anda bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Enerji santrali ve \u00e7elik end\u00fcstrisi uygulamalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan geleneksel \u0131slak y\u0131kama ve kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, bu ortamda \u00f6nemli zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktad\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm baca gaz\u0131n\u0131n iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 kimyas\u0131, standart sorbent performans\u0131n\u0131 bozan ve karma\u015f\u0131k s\u0131v\u0131 at\u0131klar \u00fcreten ko\u015fullar yaratmaktad\u0131r. Bu proje, bu uygulaman\u0131n kimyas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak se\u00e7ilmi\u015f bir teknoloji olan iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemini, SCR ve \u00e7ok a\u015famal\u0131 elektrostatik ve torba filtre toz giderme zinciriyle birle\u015ftirerek kullanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"Oksidasyon<\/p>\n

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\u201cBu projedeki en \u00f6nemli m\u00fchendislik karar\u0131, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131, kapsaml\u0131 bir elektrostatik \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc (ESP) ve torba filtreli toz giderme \u00f6n ar\u0131tma zincirinin sonuna yerle\u015ftirmekti; bu da gaz\u0131n iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emiciyle temas etmeden \u00f6nce partik\u00fcl y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltmaktad\u0131r. Bu yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f toz y\u00f6netimi, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n yeniden sirk\u00fclasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 korur, SCR a\u015famas\u0131nda kataliz\u00f6r t\u0131kanma riskini azalt\u0131r ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 sayesinde genel sistem i\u015fletme maliyetini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u2014 M\u00fchendislik Deneyimi \u00d6zeti, Kat\u0131 At\u0131k Kaynak Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc Toz Giderme \/ K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderme \/ Azot Giderme Projesi<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n

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02 \u2014 Kirlilik Profili<\/p>\n

Oksidasyon F\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Gaz\u0131: A\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Kur\u015fun \u0130\u00e7eren Gaz Ak\u0131m\u0131nda Y\u00fcksek SO\u2082, Y\u00fcksek NOx, Y\u00fcksek PM ve Y\u00fcksek O\u2082 \u0130\u00e7erikleri<\/h2>\n

\u0130ki oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 birlikte 180\u00b0C'de 40.000 m\u00b3\/h proses baca gaz\u0131 \u00fcretir. Oksijen i\u00e7eri\u011fi 8\u201316% ile y\u00fcksektir; bu, oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 baca gaz\u0131n\u0131n karakteristik \u00f6zelli\u011fidir ve hem k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme kimyas\u0131 (\u0131slak y\u0131kay\u0131c\u0131larda SO\u2082'nin SO\u2083'e oksidasyonunu destekler) hem de SCR kataliz\u00f6r tasar\u0131m\u0131 (oksijene dayan\u0131kl\u0131 kataliz\u00f6r form\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 gerektirir) a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furur. Y\u00fcksek O\u2082 i\u00e7eri\u011fi ayr\u0131ca, k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn ve SCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klardaki oksidatif ortam\u0131 dikkate almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

Kirletici profili, be\u015f e\u015f zamanl\u0131 parametrenin i\u015flenmesini gerektirir: 600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda NOx, 600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda SO\u2082, k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme giri\u015finde (\u00f6n i\u015flemden sonra) 10 mg\/Nm\u00b3 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda PM, denitrifikasyon \u00f6n i\u015fleminden sonra SCR denitrifikasyon giri\u015finde 10 mg\/Nm\u00b3 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda NOx ve SCR'ye giren oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda NOx. T\u00fcm limitler baca \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Parametre<\/th>\nGiri\u015f (Ham Gaz)<\/th>\nTasar\u0131m Ma\u011fazas\u0131<\/th>\nGer\u00e7ek \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f<\/th>\nAB IED \/ NER S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
NOx<\/td>\n600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n\u226450 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n50 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\nIED 2010\/75\/EU \u2264200 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SO\u2082<\/td>\n600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n\u226435 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n35 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\nHollanda Faaliyetleri Kararnamesi NER<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PM (k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme giri\u015finde)<\/td>\n10 mg\/Nm\u00b3 (\u00f6n i\u015flemden sonra)<\/td>\n\u226410 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n10 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\nIED 2010\/75\/EU \u22645 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HF<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u226450 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\n\u226450 mg\/Nm\u00b3<\/td>\nIED BAT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Amonyak kaymas\u0131 (NH\u2083)<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u22645 ppm<\/td>\n3 ppm<\/td>\n\u0130zin ko\u015fulu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oksijen i\u00e7eri\u011fi (O\u2082)<\/td>\n8\u201316%<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Proses baca gaz\u0131 hacmi<\/td>\n40.000 m\u00b3\/saat (2 f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fimi)<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Baca gaz\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (f\u0131r\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131)<\/td>\n180\u00b0C<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\n180\u00b0C (sisteme giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SCR denitrifikasyon giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\n180\u2013220\u00b0C (\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimiyle yeniden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra)<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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03 \u2014 Tedavi \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc<\/p>\n

Be\u015f A\u015famal\u0131 Proses: Kuru ESP \u2192 Is\u0131 De\u011fi\u015fimi \u2192 Torba Filtre \u2192 \u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 Baca Gaz\u0131 K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderimi \u2192 SCR \u2192 Islak ESP<\/h2>\n

Ar\u0131tma sistemi, mevcut oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 altyap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f olup, mevcut ESP + iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme + \u0131slak ESP ekipman kombinasyonuna yeni in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir SCR denitrifikasyon sistemi eklenmi\u015ftir. Temel tasar\u0131m anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n etkili bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in derinlemesine \u00f6nceden temizlenmi\u015f bir gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duymas\u0131d\u0131r: gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki toz partik\u00fclleri iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emiciyi emer ve etkisiz hale getirir, bu da zamanla SO\u2082 yakalama kapasitesini azalt\u0131r. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne kapsaml\u0131 bir kuru ESP + \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc + torba filtre \u00f6n ar\u0131tma zinciri yerle\u015ftirilerek, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emiciye giren gaz \u226410 mg\/Nm\u00b3 PM seviyesine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr; bu seviyede iyonik s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 yeterlidir ve devridaim \u00f6mr\u00fc kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci \u00f6nemli tasar\u0131m karar\u0131, SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmesidir. Bu so\u011fuk tarafl\u0131 SCR konfig\u00fcrasyonu gereklidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015flemi, gaz SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcyle temas etmeden \u00f6nce SO\u2082'yi \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelere indirir ve b\u00f6ylece y\u00fcksek SO\u2082 i\u00e7eren gazda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda meydana gelebilecek kataliz\u00f6r \u00fczerinde amonyum bis\u00fclfat birikme riskini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. SCR'yi iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 FGD'den sonra yerle\u015ftirerek, kataliz\u00f6r 180-220\u00b0C'de \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde SO\u2082 i\u00e7ermeyen bir ortamda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn, FGD'nin yukar\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0131cak tarafl\u0131 bir konumda meydana gelecek SO\u2082 zehirlenmesi olmadan hedef 97% denitrifikasyon verimlili\u011fini sa\u011flamas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

A\u015fama 1: Kuru Elektrostatik \u00c7\u00f6keltici (ESP) \u2014 Kaba Partik\u00fcllerin \u00d6n Giderilmesi<\/h3>\n

180\u00b0C'deki oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gaz\u0131, \u00f6ncelikle mevcut kuru elektrostatik \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcden (ESP) ge\u00e7er ve bu i\u015flem, gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki iri taneli kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren partik\u00fcllerin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu a\u015fama, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131\u015fta bulunan \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 toz erozyonundan korur ve PM y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc ve torba filtre a\u015famalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilebilir bir seviyeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. ESP, oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gaz\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fcksek O\u2082 ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda y\u00fcksek voltajda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve korozyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 elektrot malzemeleriyle belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\n

A\u015fama 2: Seramik Karo Is\u0131 E\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc (220\u00b0C \u2192 40\u00b0C, ard\u0131ndan 40\u00b0C \u2192 130\u00b0C)<\/h3>\n

\u00d6nceden tozdan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gaz, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fcnden (model HB-565; baca gaz\u0131 hacmi her iki tarafta 40.000 m\u00b3\/h; s\u0131cak taraf giri\u015fi 220\u00b0C, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 128\u00b0C; so\u011fuk taraf giri\u015fi 40\u00b0C, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 130\u00b0C; \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim alan\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 563 m\u00b2; \u0131s\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.344 kW; tasar\u0131m bas\u0131nc\u0131 5 kPa; g\u00f6vde malzemesi 0,7 mm duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda S31603 paslanmaz \u00e7elik; boru flan\u015f malzemesi S30408; boyutlar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 3.300\u00d72.200\u00d72.700 mm) ge\u00e7er. S\u0131cak gaz, torba filtreye girmeden \u00f6nce \u00f6nceden so\u011futulurken, so\u011fuk baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme sonras\u0131 gaz, SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fcne girmeden \u00f6nce yeniden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Bu at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc, SCR i\u00e7in harici gaz \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131na olan ihtiyac\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rarak, aksi takdirde \u00f6nemli bir enerji maliyeti olacak olan \u015feyi, tesisin kendi at\u0131k gaz termal enerjisini kullanan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m sistemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

3. A\u015fama: Torba Filtre \u2014 \u0130nce Par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n Ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Is\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimiyle so\u011futulduktan sonra, gaz ince partik\u00fcllerin uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in torba filtreye girer. Torba filtre, PM'yi \u226410 mg\/Nm\u00b3'e d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr; bu, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015fleminin uygulanabilirli\u011fi i\u00e7in kilit e\u015fiktir. K\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015findeki PM'nin 10 mg\/Nm\u00b3 oldu\u011fu bildirilmi\u015ftir; bu da torba filtrenin hedef \u00f6n ar\u0131tma seviyesine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r. Torba filtre ayr\u0131ca, ESP a\u015famas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren partik\u00fcller i\u00e7in ikincil bir yakalama sa\u011flar ve iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emiciyi kademeli olarak kirletecek a\u011f\u0131r metal i\u00e7eren toza maruz kalmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

\"\u0130yonik<\/p>\n

A\u015fama 4: \u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 ile K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderme<\/h3>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 40\u00b0C'deki (\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc ile so\u011futulan) \u00f6nceden temizlenmi\u015f gaz, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme sistemine girer. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme, gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan SO\u2082'yi fiziksel emilim yoluyla se\u00e7ici olarak yakalayan \u00f6zel olarak form\u00fcle edilmi\u015f bir iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emici kullan\u0131r. Bu uygulama i\u00e7in geleneksel kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re ba\u015fl\u0131ca avantajlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: (1) Kat\u0131 at\u0131k olu\u015fumu yok \u2013 SO\u2082 y\u00fckl\u00fc iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 yeniden \u00fcretilir ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, b\u00f6ylece bertaraf edilmesi gereken al\u00e7\u0131 \u00fcretmek yerine s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilen konsantre SO\u2082 \u00fcretilir; (2) Baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015fleminden kaynaklanan at\u0131k su olu\u015fumu yok; (3) Yakalanan SO\u2082 yeniden konsantre edilebilir ve yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak sat\u0131labilir veya s\u00fclf\u00fcrik aside i\u015flenebilir, b\u00f6ylece uyumluluk maliyeti bir gelir kalemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr; (4) \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 stokiyometrik olarak t\u00fcketilmek yerine yeniden dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p yeniden \u00fcretildi\u011fi i\u00e7in daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck reaktif t\u00fcketimi. Tasar\u0131m gere\u011fi k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f konsantrasyonu \u226435 mg\/Nm\u00b3't\u00fcr ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferler de bu uyumlulu\u011fu do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r. Temel operasyonel kontrol, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 sirk\u00fclasyon d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn pH y\u00f6netimidir: emilim verimlili\u011fini korumak ve sirk\u00fclasyon sistemini t\u0131kayacak \u00e7\u00f6kelme olu\u015fumunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in s\u0131v\u0131 pH'\u0131n\u0131 izlemek ve iyonik s\u0131v\u0131da HF (oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gaz\u0131ndan) ve SO\u2082 y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol etmek.<\/p>\n

A\u015fama 5: SCR Denitrifikasyonu (180\u2013220\u00b0C D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck S\u0131cakl\u0131k)<\/h3>\n

\u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015fleminden sonra, temiz gaz (d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck SO\u2082, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck PM), gelen s\u0131cak ham gaz at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 kullan\u0131larak seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc ile yakla\u015f\u0131k 40\u00b0C'den 180\u2013220\u00b0C'ye yeniden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Yeniden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan gaz, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 SCR denitrifikasyon reakt\u00f6r\u00fcne girer. SCR sistemi 97% NOx azalt\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flar. Temel kataliz\u00f6r parametreleri: kataliz\u00f6r delikleri 30; eleman boyutu 150\u00d7150 mm (kesit), 580 mm y\u00fckseklik; ad\u0131m 4,93 mm; delik aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 4,23 mm; duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0,70 mm; g\u00f6zeneklilik 70,1%; kataliz\u00f6r \u00f6zg\u00fcl y\u00fczey alan\u0131 678 m\u00b2\/m\u00b3; aktif bile\u015fen V\u2082O\u2085, TiO\u2082 ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 \u00fczerinde (75\u201385% ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi); tasar\u0131m s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 220\u00b0C; maksimum \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 420\u00b0C; Minimum \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 220\u00b0C; tek katmanl\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u2264135 Pa (temiz kataliz\u00f6r); kimyasal \u00f6m\u00fcr: ilk gaz temas\u0131ndan itibaren 24.000 saat; 16.000 saatte denitrifikasyon verimlili\u011fi \u226596.66%; SCR giri\u015f kataliz\u00f6r kanal\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131 4,33 m\/s; teorik \u00fcre t\u00fcketimi 20,38 kg\/saat; hacimsel uzay h\u0131z\u0131 2.661 h\u207b\u00b9. SCR sistemi, amonyum s\u00fclfat kataliz\u00f6r zehirlenmesi olmadan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in SO\u2082 i\u00e7ermeyen gaz ko\u015fulundan yararlanarak iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131na monte edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130ndirgeyici madde olarak 0,02 t\/saat oran\u0131nda amonyakl\u0131 su kullan\u0131l\u0131r; amonyak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 garantisi \u22645 ppm (ger\u00e7ek: 3 ppm).<\/p>\n

A\u015fama 6: Islak Elektrostatik \u00c7\u00f6keltici (WESP) \u2014 Son Parlatma<\/h3>\n

SCR sonras\u0131 gaz, baca de\u015farj\u0131ndan \u00f6nce son asit sisi ve ince partik\u00fcl ar\u0131tma i\u015flemi i\u00e7in \u0131slak elektrostatik \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye girer. WESP, \u00f6nceki ar\u0131tma a\u015famalar\u0131nda giderilmeyen art\u0131k asit aerosol\u00fcn\u00fc ve mikron alt\u0131 partik\u00fclleri yakalayarak, \u226410 mg\/Nm\u00b3 PM \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f hedefinin yeterli uyumluluk marj\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
2\u00d7 Oksidasyon
\nF\u0131r\u0131nlar
\n180\u00b0C<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
Kuru ESP
\n(mevcut)<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
Seramik Karo \u2b50
\nHX \u00d6n So\u011futma
\n\u219240\u00b0C<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
Torba Filtre
\n(mevcut)<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
\u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131
\nFGD (mevcut)<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
HX Yeniden Is\u0131tma \u2b50
\n\u2192180\u2013220\u00b0C<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
SCR \u2b50
\n97% NOx<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
Islak ESP
\n(mevcut)<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
IDF
\n\u2192 Y\u0131\u011f\u0131n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u2b50 Bu y\u00fckseltme projesinde yeni ekipmanlar eklendi<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Ekipman Parametreleri<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00d6\u011fe<\/th>\n\u00d6zellikler<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc<\/td>\nModel HB-565; 40.000 m\u00b3\/saat; s\u0131cak taraf 220\u2192128\u00b0C; so\u011fuk taraf 40\u2192130\u00b0C; 563 m\u00b2; 1.344 kW; S31603 g\u00f6vde<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SCR kataliz\u00f6r eleman\u0131<\/td>\n150\u00d7150 mm kesit; 580 mm Y\u00fckseklik; g\u00f6zenek say\u0131s\u0131 30; g\u00f6zeneklilik oran\u0131 70.1%; V\u2082O\u2085\/TiO\u2082; 220\u00b0C tasar\u0131m; 24.000 saat kullan\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SCR denitrifikasyon verimlili\u011fi<\/td>\n97% ger\u00e7ek; 16.000 saatte \u226596.66% garantili; \u2264135 Pa tek katmanl\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Amonyakl\u0131 su (indirgeyici)<\/td>\n0,02 t\/saat; amonyak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 garantisi \u22645 ppm; ger\u00e7ek de\u011fer 3 ppm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ana cebri \u00e7eki\u015f fan\u0131<\/td>\n110 kW; 1 \u00fcnite (\u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toplam kurulu g\u00fc\u00e7<\/td>\n124,5 kW kurulu g\u00fc\u00e7; 123 kW fiili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Y\u0131ll\u0131k elektrik maliyeti (8.000 saat)<\/td>\nYakla\u015f\u0131k 39,36 on bin RMB kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (0,4 RMB\/kWh)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Y\u0131ll\u0131k do\u011falgaz maliyeti (SCR \u0131s\u0131tma)<\/td>\n75 m\u00b3\/saat; yakla\u015f\u0131k 192 on bin RMB\/y\u0131l (3,2 RMB\/m\u00b3)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Y\u0131ll\u0131k amonyakl\u0131 su maliyeti<\/td>\nYakla\u015f\u0131k 80.000 RMB\/y\u0131l (0,02 t\/saat, 500 RMB\/t)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\"Kat\u0131<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/p>\n

\n

04 \u2014 Temel Avantajlar<\/p>\n

Kur\u015fun Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc Oksidasyon F\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Gaz\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Bu Proses Mimarisinin En Uygun Olmas\u0131n\u0131n Alt\u0131 Nedeni<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \u2713<\/span>
    \nDerinlemesine yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcnde toz giderme i\u015flemi, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131y\u0131 ve SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc ayn\u0131 anda korur:<\/strong> Bu projedeki temel mimari karar, gaz\u0131n iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emici veya SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcyle temas etmesinden \u00f6nce PM sorununu kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele almakt\u0131r. Birle\u015fik kuru ESP + \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc + torba filtre zinciri, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ham f\u0131r\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f seviyesindeki PM'yi \u226410 mg\/Nm\u00b3'e ve SCR a\u015famas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce daha da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir seviyeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu derin \u00f6n toz giderme iki amaca hizmet eder: emicinin partik\u00fcl kirlenmesini \u00f6nleyerek iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 devridaim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 korur ve SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fcksek konsantrasyonlarda kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren toza maruz kalman\u0131n yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0131kanma ve kimyasal zehirlenmeden korur. Her iki fayda da do\u011frudan sistem \u00f6mr\u00fcne ve bak\u0131m s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunur.<\/li>\n
  • \u2713<\/span>
    \n\u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 Baca Gaz\u0131 K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderme \u0130\u015fleminden Sonra So\u011fuk Tarafl\u0131 SCR Sistemi, Amonyum Bis\u00fclfat Kataliz\u00f6r Zehirlenmesini Ortadan Kald\u0131r\u0131yor:<\/strong> 180\u2013220\u00b0C'deki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 SCR, kataliz\u00f6r y\u00fczeyinde SO\u2082 bulundu\u011funda amonyum bis\u00fclfat (ABS) birikimine kar\u015f\u0131 hassast\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ABS olu\u015fum h\u0131z\u0131 180\u2013280\u00b0C'de en y\u00fcksektir. SCR'yi iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131na yerle\u015ftirerek, SCR giri\u015findeki SO\u2082 konsantrasyonu 600\u20131.500 mg\/Nm\u00b3'ten yakla\u015f\u0131k 35 mg\/Nm\u00b3 veya alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck SO\u2082 konsantrasyonunda, ABS olu\u015fum h\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azal\u0131r ve bu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn, FGD'nin yukar\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan s\u0131cak taraftaki bir SCR konumunda meydana gelecek ABS kirlenmesinden kaynaklanan kademeli kataliz\u00f6r deaktivasyonu olmadan 97% denitrifikasyon verimlili\u011fini sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar.<\/li>\n
  • \u2713<\/span>
    \nSeramik Karo Is\u0131 E\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc At\u0131k Is\u0131 Geri Kazan\u0131m\u0131, Harici SCR Yeniden Is\u0131tma Maliyetini Ortadan Kald\u0131r\u0131r:<\/strong> SCR sisteminin etkili katalitik reaksiyon i\u00e7in giri\u015f gaz\u0131n\u0131n 180\u2013220\u00b0C s\u0131cakl\u0131kta olmas\u0131 gerekir. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 sonras\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015fleminden \u00e7\u0131kan gaz yakla\u015f\u0131k 40\u00b0C'dedir. Is\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m\u0131 olmadan, bu i\u015flem 40.000 m\u00b3\/h gaz\u0131n 40\u00b0C'den 180\u00b0C'ye \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir; bu da yakla\u015f\u0131k 75 m\u00b3\/h do\u011fal gaza e\u015fde\u011fer bir enerji maliyetidir. Seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc, gelen s\u0131cak ham gazdan (torba filtre ve iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131 i\u00e7in zaten so\u011futulmas\u0131 gereken) bu enerjiyi geri kazan\u0131r ve e\u015f zamanl\u0131 enerji fazlas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131r ek yak\u0131t maliyetiyle yeniden \u0131s\u0131tma g\u00f6revine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. SCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc doldurmak i\u00e7in 75 m\u00b3\/h do\u011fal gaz t\u00fcketimi gereklidir, ancak bu, \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m sistemi olmadan gerekenden \u00e7ok daha azd\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  • \u2713<\/span>
    \n\u0130yonik S\u0131v\u0131 ile K\u00fck\u00fcrt Giderme \u0130\u015flemi Al\u00e7\u0131 At\u0131\u011f\u0131 Olu\u015fturmaz ve SO\u2082 Yan \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn Geri Kazan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 Sa\u011flar:<\/strong> Kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 esasl\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6nteminin (ki bu y\u00f6ntem, kat\u0131 bir yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak al\u00e7\u0131 \u00fcretir ve bu al\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flenmesi, bertaraf edilmesi veya sat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir) aksine, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemi emiciyi yeniden \u00fcretir ve yakalanan SO\u2082'yi geri kazan\u0131labilir bir \u00fcr\u00fcn ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm end\u00fcstrisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda, geri kazan\u0131lan yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f SO\u2082, pil \u00fcretiminde veya end\u00fcstriyel kimyasal \u00fcretiminde yeniden kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere s\u00fclf\u00fcrik aside i\u015flenebilir ve b\u00f6ylece uyumluluk maliyetini gelir getiren bir yan \u00fcr\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel bir ekonomi d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc olu\u015fturulur. Al\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 ayr\u0131ca \u0131slak baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6nteminin gerektirdi\u011fi susuzla\u015ft\u0131rma, depolama ve lojistik altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  • \u2713<\/span>
    \nMevcut Altyap\u0131n\u0131n \u0130yile\u015ftirilmesi Sermaye Maliyetini ve Saha \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki Aksakl\u0131klar\u0131 En Aza \u0130ndirir:<\/strong> Bu proje, tesisin mevcut ESP, torba filtre, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme ve \u0131slak ESP ekipman kombinasyonuna seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc ve SCR denitrifikasyon sistemini ekliyor. Tamamen yeni bir ar\u0131tma sistemi tasarlamak yerine mevcut altyap\u0131 \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilerek, y\u00fckseltmenin sermaye maliyeti yaln\u0131zca yeni bile\u015fenlerle (\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc ve SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fc) s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131rken, uyumluluk avantaj\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f parametreleri kaps\u0131yor. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, geleneksel emisyon kontrol ekipman\u0131n\u0131n zaten mevcut oldu\u011fu ancak ek bir denitrifikasyon a\u015famas\u0131 olmadan NOx uyumlulu\u011funun sa\u011flanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 herhangi bir tesise do\u011frudan uygulanabilir.<\/li>\n
  • \u2713<\/span>
    \n24.000 saatlik SCR kataliz\u00f6r kimyasal \u00f6mr\u00fc, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k kesintisiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 kapsar:<\/strong> SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk gaz temas\u0131ndan itibaren 24.000 saatlik kimyasal \u00f6m\u00fcr garantisi ve 16.000 saatlik \u226596.66% verimlilik garantisi, kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn kimyasal \u00f6mr\u00fc dolmadan \u00f6nce yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 y\u0131l boyunca y\u0131lda 8.000 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu tesiste kullan\u0131lan V\u2082O\u2085\/TiO\u2082 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k kataliz\u00f6r form\u00fclasyonu, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 sonras\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme (FGD) gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n SO\u2082 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan fakir, y\u00fcksek O\u2082 ortam\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tek katmanl\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u2264135 Pa (temiz kataliz\u00f6r) olarak garanti edilmi\u015ftir; bu da SCR sisteminin fan y\u00fckseltmelerine gerek kalmadan mevcut ind\u00fcklemeli \u00e7eki\u015f fan kapasitesi dahilinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n
    \n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    05 \u2014 Operasyonel Sonu\u00e7lar<\/p>\n

    Do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f Uyumluluk Verileri: T\u00fcm Parametreler \u0130zin Verilen Limitlerin Alt\u0131nda veya E\u015fittir<\/h2>\n
    \n
    \n
    50 \/ 50<\/div>\n
    mg\/Nm\u00b3 ger\u00e7ek\/limit<\/div>\n
    NOx \u2014 97% kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    35 \/ 35<\/div>\n
    mg\/Nm\u00b3 ger\u00e7ek\/limit<\/div>\n
    SO\u2082 \u2014 s\u0131n\u0131rda<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    10 \/ 10<\/div>\n
    mg\/Nm\u00b3 ger\u00e7ek\/limit<\/div>\n
    Ba\u015fbakan \u2014 s\u0131n\u0131rda<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    3 \/ 5<\/div>\n
    ppm ger\u00e7ek\/limit<\/div>\n
    NH\u2083 kaymas\u0131 \u2014 40% a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    123 kW<\/div>\n
    ger\u00e7ek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/div>\n
    (Kurulum g\u00fcc\u00fc: 124,5 kW)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    97%<\/div>\n
    ger\u00e7ek denitrifikasyon<\/div>\n
    (tasar\u0131m: 97%)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \"Kat\u0131<\/p>\n

    Y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u015fletme maliyetleri: 123 kW fiili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fcnde elektrik (0,4 RMB\/kWh, 8.000 saat\/y\u0131l) = yakla\u015f\u0131k 39,36 on bin RMB e\u015fde\u011feri; SCR yeniden \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 75 m\u00b3\/saat do\u011fal gaz (3,2 RMB\/m\u00b3, 8.000 saat) = yakla\u015f\u0131k 192 on bin RMB e\u015fde\u011feri; 0,02 t\/saat amonyakl\u0131 su (500 RMB\/t, 8.000 saat) = yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 on bin RMB e\u015fde\u011feri. SCR s\u0131cakl\u0131k kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan do\u011fal gaz, i\u015fletme maliyetlerinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kalemini olu\u015fturarak, ek \u0131s\u0131tma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 azaltmada seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011ferini peki\u015ftirmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    06 \u2014 Uygulama Uyar\u0131lar\u0131<\/p>\n

    Kur\u015fun Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc At\u0131k Gaz Ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Kritik M\u00fchendislik ve Operasyonel Dersler<\/h2>\n
      \n
    • \u26a0\ufe0f<\/span>
      \nYetersiz yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f toz giderme i\u015flemi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme verimlili\u011finin d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olur; sistem giri\u015fine PM konsantrasyonu izleme sistemi ekleyin ve verimlilik d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde derhal m\u00fcdahale edin:<\/strong> Belgelenmi\u015f en \u00f6nemli risk, yetersiz \u00f6n ar\u0131tma (yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f) toz giderme i\u015fleminin iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme verimlili\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesidir. Oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131ndan gelen kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren ve di\u011fer partik\u00fcller, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 sirk\u00fclasyon d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne emilir, emiciyi kademeli olarak kirletir ve SO\u2082 emme kapasitesini azalt\u0131r. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015fine s\u00fcrekli bir PM konsantrasyon monit\u00f6r\u00fc tak\u0131n. Giri\u015f PM'si tasar\u0131m e\u015fi\u011finin (\u226410 mg\/Nm\u00b3) \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6n ak\u0131\u015f elektrostatik \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc (ESP) ve torba filtre performans\u0131n\u0131n derhal incelenmesine ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Toz giderme verimlili\u011fi d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fse, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 sisteminin SO\u2082 yakalama kapasitesi bozulmadan \u00f6nce neden ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 SO\u2082 y\u00fck\u00fc kabul edilebilir s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde tutulam\u0131yorsa, daha y\u00fcksek kapasiteli bir emici veya art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir rejenerasyon h\u0131z\u0131 kullanarak k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme sistemi kapasitesi y\u00fckseltilmelidir.<\/li>\n
    • \u26a0\ufe0f<\/span>
      \nSCR denitrifikasyonunun \u00f6n ucundaki SO\u2082 konsantrasyonunun makul bir seviyede kontrol edilmemesi, amonyum s\u00fclfat olu\u015fumu ve kataliz\u00f6r t\u0131kanmas\u0131 olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r:<\/strong> \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015fleminden sonra bile, bir miktar art\u0131k SO\u2082 (tasar\u0131mda \u226435 mg\/Nm\u00b3) SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcne ula\u015f\u0131r. 180\u2013220\u00b0C \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kataliz\u00f6r y\u00fczeyindeki SO\u2082 konsantrasyonu beklenenden y\u00fcksekse (\u00f6rne\u011fin, emici madde kirlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme verimlili\u011fi tasar\u0131m seviyelerinin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ferse) amonyum bis\u00fclfat (ABS) olu\u015fabilir. SCR sisteminin bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrekli olarak izleyin. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc tasar\u0131m de\u011ferinin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131karsa (ABS veya toz birikimini g\u00f6sterir), ABS birikintilerini buharla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in SCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 280\u00b0C'nin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131nda temizleme ile bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kabul edilebilir seviyelere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclemezse, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcms\u00fcz kirlenmenin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kataliz\u00f6r yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n termal analizini yap\u0131n.<\/li>\n
    • \u26a0\ufe0f<\/span>
      \nSCR denitrifikasyon s\u0131cakl\u0131k kontrol\u00fcndeki istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k, denitrifikasyon verimlili\u011fini garanti etmeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r; bu nedenle denitrifikasyon giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak izleyin ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k tasar\u0131m minimumunun alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde amonyak enjeksiyonunu durdurun:<\/strong> Belgelenmi\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc risk, SCR denitrifikasyon sistemi giri\u015findeki karars\u0131z s\u0131cakl\u0131k kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn denitrifikasyon verimlili\u011fini garanti etmeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131d\u0131r. SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fc belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r (220\u2013420\u00b0C tasar\u0131m aral\u0131\u011f\u0131; minimum 220\u00b0C). Seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn performans\u0131 (kirlenme nedeniyle) d\u00fc\u015ferse veya ek do\u011fal gaz \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi ar\u0131zalan\u0131rsa, SCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 220\u00b0C minimum de\u011ferinin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015febilir. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda, kataliz\u00f6r aktivitesi yetersizdir ve reaksiyona girmemi\u015f amonyak, NOx'i azaltmak yerine amonyum tuzu birikintileri olu\u015fturur. SCR giri\u015fine, 210\u00b0C'de (minimum tasar\u0131m s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 10\u00b0C alt\u0131nda) otomatik amonyak enjeksiyonu kesme kilidi bulunan s\u00fcrekli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k monit\u00f6r\u00fc tak\u0131n. Minimum s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda amonyak enjeksiyonuna devam etmek reaktif israf\u0131na, amonyak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ve kataliz\u00f6r kanallar\u0131nda amonyum tuzu birikmesine neden olur.<\/li>\n
    • \u26a0\ufe0f<\/span>
      \nSeramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc, sistemin korozyona en duyarl\u0131 bile\u015fenidir; do\u011fru malzeme kalitesi ve gaz h\u0131z\u0131 kullanarak plaka de\u011fi\u015fimi, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 ve korozyon h\u0131z\u0131 sorunlar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n:<\/strong> Is\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc, s\u0131cak tarafta ham f\u0131r\u0131n gaz\u0131n\u0131 (y\u00fcksek SO\u2082, y\u00fcksek O\u2082, y\u00fcksek PM, kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren partik\u00fcller) ve so\u011fuk tarafta temiz baca gaz\u0131 ar\u0131tma sonras\u0131 gaz\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fler. Bu, zorlu bir \u00e7ift korozyon ortam\u0131 yarat\u0131r. Uygun \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc malzeme s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesi (bu kurulum i\u00e7in belirtilen S31603), art\u0131k tozdan kaynaklanan erozyon-korozyonu en aza indirmek i\u00e7in gaz h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n tasar\u0131m aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayarlanmas\u0131 ve \u00e7amur birikme oran\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in kanal geometrisinin optimize edilmesi, temel tasar\u0131m disiplinleridir. Is\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc boru y\u00fczeylerinin duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki azalma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan periyodik olarak (2. y\u0131ldan itibaren en az y\u0131lda bir kez) incelenmesi, planl\u0131 bak\u0131m program\u0131na dahil edilmelidir.<\/li>\n
    • \u26a0\ufe0f<\/span>
      \nOksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren par\u00e7ac\u0131klar, ar\u0131tma sistemindeki her kat\u0131 at\u0131k toplama noktas\u0131nda tehlikeli at\u0131k olarak y\u00f6netilmelidir:<\/strong> Kur\u015fun, AB REACH y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ve Tehlikeli At\u0131k Direktifi uyar\u0131nca, ilgili e\u015fik de\u011ferin \u00fczerindeki herhangi bir konsantrasyonda tehlikeli bir maddedir. Elektrostatik \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc (ESP) haznesinde, torba filtre haznelerinde ve \u0131slak ESP toplama \u00e7ukurunda toplanan kat\u0131 at\u0131klar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc, at\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikeli olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131racak konsantrasyonlarda kur\u015fun i\u00e7eren par\u00e7ac\u0131klar i\u00e7erir. Her bir kat\u0131 at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015f\u0131, herhangi bir bertaraf yolu onaylanmadan \u00f6nce TCLP s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 testi (EN 12457) ile ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 karakterize edilmelidir ve Hollanda tehlikeli at\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131ma y\u00f6netmeliklerine g\u00f6re transfer, Tehlikeli At\u0131k Sevk Belgesi ile birlikte yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kur\u015fun par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131yla kirlenmi\u015f iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 da, kullan\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011finde benzer \u015fekilde karakterize edilmelidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc emilmi\u015f kur\u015fun bile\u015fikleri i\u00e7erecektir.<\/li>\n
    • \u26a0\ufe0f<\/span>
      \nSCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 220\u00b0C minimum de\u011ferinin alt\u0131nda ise ek \u0131s\u0131tmay\u0131 (do\u011fal gaz) art\u0131r\u0131n ve kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn so\u011fuk ve y\u00fcksek nemli gaza maruz kalmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ba\u015flatma ve kapatma s\u0131ras\u0131nda yan hat \u00fczerinden havaland\u0131rma yap\u0131n:<\/strong> Oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00e7\u0131kan gaz\u0131n bile\u015fimi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma parametrelerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek nem i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip \u0131slak veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki gaz, bu ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemlerinde SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn etraf\u0131ndan dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak y\u00f6nlendirilmelidir: minimum alt\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kataliz\u00f6r \u00fczerinde nem yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan kataliz\u00f6r hasar\u0131na neden olabilir. Devreye almadan \u00f6nce yanal bypass kanal\u0131n\u0131n ve vanas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda oldu\u011fundan emin olun ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma bypass prosed\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc operat\u00f6r e\u011fitim program\u0131na dahil edin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n
      \n

      <\/p>\n

      \n

      07 \u2014 M\u00fchendislikten \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131mlar<\/p>\n

      Kur\u015fun Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm At\u0131k Gaz Ar\u0131tma Projesinden \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan D\u00f6rt Ders<\/h2>\n
        \n
      • 1<\/span>
        \nTedavi a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131, her bir teknolojinin nominal verimlili\u011finde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler; s\u0131ralama, tek tek ekipman \u00f6zelliklerinden daha \u00f6nemlidir.<\/strong> Bu projede, SCR'nin 97% denitrifikasyonunu elde etmesinin nedeni, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc y\u00fcksek \u00f6zellikli bir kataliz\u00f6r de\u011fil, ar\u0131tma s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n (iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 FGD'den \u00f6nce derin PM uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma, SCR'den \u00f6nce iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 FGD) SCR'ye do\u011fru s\u0131cakl\u0131kta temiz, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck SO\u2082'li bir gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 kataliz\u00f6r farkl\u0131 bir konumda -\u00f6rne\u011fin, y\u00fcksek SO\u2082'li bir gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 FGD'nin yukar\u0131s\u0131nda- ABS kirlenmesi nedeniyle birka\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde ar\u0131zalanacakt\u0131r. Ar\u0131tma sistemi mimarisi (s\u0131ralama, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, her a\u015fama giri\u015findeki gaz ko\u015fullar\u0131), karma\u015f\u0131k \u00e7oklu kirletici uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in birincil m\u00fchendislik tasar\u0131m karar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
      • 2<\/span>
        \n\u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme, \u00f6zellikle kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm baca gaz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re \u00fcst\u00fcn bir alternatiftir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015fleminden kaynaklanan kat\u0131 veya s\u0131v\u0131 at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturmaz.<\/strong> Elektrostatik \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve torba filtreden gelen kur\u015funla kirlenmi\u015f kat\u0131 at\u0131klar\u0131 zaten y\u00f6neten bir tesiste, kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 esasl\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme (FGD) a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n eklenmesi, tehlikeli at\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 ve bertaraf\u0131 gerektiren potansiyel olarak kur\u015funla kirlenmi\u015f al\u00e7\u0131dan olu\u015fan ek bir at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 prosesi bu ek at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler ve ayn\u0131 zamanda ticari de\u011feri olan geri kazan\u0131labilir konsantre SO\u2082 yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretir. FGD at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeli olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 kur\u015fun, \u00e7inko veya di\u011fer a\u011f\u0131r metal i\u00e7eren herhangi bir baca gaz\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 i\u00e7in, kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 esasl\u0131 FGD belirtilmeden \u00f6nce birincil k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme teknolojisi olarak iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/li>\n
      • 3<\/span>
        \nSeramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131, bir enerji a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in birincil \u0131s\u0131tma kayna\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/strong> Ham s\u0131cak at\u0131k gaz (220\u00b0C), torba filtre ve iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce so\u011futulmal\u0131d\u0131r; baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme i\u015fleminden sonraki gaz (40\u00b0C) ise SCR'den \u00f6nce yeniden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu iki s\u0131cakl\u0131k y\u00f6netimi g\u00f6revi do\u011frudan birbirini tamamlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r: s\u0131cak taraftan al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131, so\u011fuk tarafta tam olarak ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc, bu termal tamamlay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131ktan yararlanarak, y\u0131ll\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 192 bin RMB enerji maliyeti ekleyecek bir buhar veya elektrikli gaz \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na olan ihtiyac\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Bu, projedeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck tek i\u015fletme maliyeti tasarrufudur ve at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 tespiti ve geri kazan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, sistem tasar\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde sonradan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir \u015fey de\u011fil, a\u00e7\u0131k bir ad\u0131m olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/li>\n
      • 4<\/span>
        \nMevcut altyap\u0131ya iki yeni bile\u015fen (\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc ve SCR) eklenerek yap\u0131lan iyile\u015ftirme, komple sistem de\u011fi\u015fiminin maliyetinin \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131yla tam NOx uyumlulu\u011fu sa\u011flar.<\/strong> Bu proje, herhangi bir uyumluluk y\u00fckseltme tasar\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce mevcut ekipman envanterinin ve kapasite de\u011ferlendirmesinin do\u011frulu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Mevcut ESP, torba filtre, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 FGD ve \u0131slak ESP'nin tamam\u0131n\u0131n, y\u00fckseltme sistemi mimarisi i\u00e7inde kendi performans hedeflerini kar\u015f\u0131layabilecek kapasitede oldu\u011fu do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sadece \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc (SCR \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k y\u00f6netimi sa\u011flayan) ve SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn kendisi yeni eklemelerdir. Bu kademeli y\u00fckseltmenin, tamamen yeni bir sistem de\u011fi\u015fimine g\u00f6re sermaye maliyet oran\u0131 tipik olarak 15-251.000 TL aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r; bu da herhangi bir s\u0131f\u0131rdan ar\u0131tma sistemi belirlenmeden \u00f6nce mevcut altyap\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesinin \u00f6nemini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n
        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        08 \u2014 S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/p>\n

        Kur\u015fun-Asit Ak\u00fc Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc At\u0131k Gazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u015flenmesi: On Soruya Cevap<\/h2>\n

        AB IED \/ Hollanda Faaliyetler Kararnamesi gereklilikleri kapsam\u0131nda SCR denitrifikasyonu ve iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme iyile\u015ftirmeleri planlayan ikincil kur\u015fun \u00fcretimi, al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve kat\u0131 at\u0131k kaynak geri kazan\u0131m tesislerindeki \u00e7evre izin y\u00f6neticileri, proses m\u00fchendisleri ve \u0130SG ekiplerinden gelen sorular.<\/p>\n

        \nS1. Bu uygulama i\u00e7in kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 esasl\u0131 \u0131slak baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemi yerine neden iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131yor?<\/summary>\n
        Kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ba\u011flam\u0131nda kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme (FGD) y\u00f6ntemine k\u0131yasla iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemi \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6zel nedenden dolay\u0131 tercih edilmi\u015ftir: (1) Kur\u015funla kirlenmi\u015f al\u00e7\u0131 yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc yok \u2014 kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 FGD y\u00f6ntemi, f\u0131r\u0131n baca gaz\u0131ndan emilen kur\u015funla kirlenmi\u015f al\u00e7\u0131 \u00fcretecek ve bu da tehlikeli at\u0131k olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 ve muhtemelen y\u00f6netilmesini gerektirecektir; iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme y\u00f6ntemi bu ek tehlikeli at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler; (2) Geri kazan\u0131labilir SO\u2082 yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u2014 iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 rejenerasyon i\u015flemi, yakalanan SO\u2082'yi yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve bu da pil \u00fcretiminde veya di\u011fer end\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde yeniden kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere s\u00fclf\u00fcrik aside d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, b\u00f6ylece ar\u0131tma i\u015fletme maliyetini k\u0131smen kar\u015f\u0131layan gelir elde edilir; (3) FGD a\u015famas\u0131ndan s\u0131v\u0131 at\u0131k yok \u2014 iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 t\u00fcketilmek yerine devridaim ettirilir ve rejenere edilir, bu da ayr\u0131 bir ar\u0131tma gerektiren FGD at\u0131k suyu ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturmaz. Bu avantajlar kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc uygulama ba\u011flam\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr; bu k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer uygulamalar i\u00e7in kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131-al\u00e7\u0131 FGD y\u00f6ntemi ge\u00e7erli ve genellikle daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli bir alternatif olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS2. Seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc, harici enerji giri\u015fi olmadan SCR yeniden \u0131s\u0131tma g\u00f6revini nas\u0131l yerine getiriyor?<\/summary>\n
        Seramik karo \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc (HB-565 modeli), yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.344 kW termal kapasiteye sahip gazdan gaza \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. S\u0131cak taraf, yakla\u015f\u0131k 220\u00b0C'deki ham f\u0131r\u0131n gaz\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r ve torba filtre a\u015famas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce yakla\u015f\u0131k 128\u00b0C'ye so\u011futur; so\u011fuk taraf ise yakla\u015f\u0131k 40\u00b0C'deki iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 sonras\u0131 baca gaz\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme (FGD) gaz\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r ve SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fcnden \u00f6nce yakla\u015f\u0131k 130\u00b0C'ye \u0131s\u0131t\u0131r. Do\u011fal gazla ek \u0131s\u0131tma, SCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 130\u00b0C'den 180-220\u00b0C'ye y\u00fckseltir ve saatte 75 m\u00b3 gaz t\u00fcketir. Is\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc olmadan, FGD sonras\u0131 gaz\u0131 40\u00b0C'den 180-220\u00b0C'ye do\u011fal gaz\u0131n do\u011frudan yak\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u0131s\u0131tmak, bu gaz t\u00fcketiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k 3-4 kat\u0131n\u0131 gerektirirdi. Seramik karo yap\u0131s\u0131 (\u00e7elik levha veya boru yerine), s\u0131cak taraftaki asit gaz\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek O\u2082 i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ortama kar\u015f\u0131 direnci nedeniyle se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS3. Kur\u015fun-asit ak\u00fc geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tesisleri i\u00e7in hangi AB IED ve Hollanda d\u00fczenleyici \u00e7er\u00e7evesi ge\u00e7erlidir?<\/summary>\n
        Hollanda'daki kur\u015fun-asit ak\u00fc geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tesisleri, demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metaller sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde AB IED 2010\/75\/EU kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmektedir. Demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metaller end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli En \u0130yi Mevcut Teknolojiler (BAT) sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, NOx, SO\u2082, PM, kur\u015fun ve bile\u015fikleri ile di\u011fer a\u011f\u0131r metaller i\u00e7in emisyon s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferleri belirlemektedir. Kur\u015fun i\u00e7in \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek \u00f6nem arz eden bir madde olarak AB REACH Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi (EC) 1907\/2006 ve kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ak\u00fc hammaddesi y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in At\u0131k \u00c7er\u00e7eve Direktifi (2008\/98\/EC) ve Ak\u00fcler ve Ak\u00fcm\u00fclat\u00f6rler Direktifi (2006\/66\/EC, 2023\/1542\/EU ile g\u00fcncellendi) kapsam\u0131nda ek y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler ge\u00e7erlidir. Hollanda \u00e7evre izinleri, Omgevingswet kapsam\u0131nda verilmekte olup, tesise \u00f6zg\u00fc emisyon s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve at\u0131k y\u00f6netimi ko\u015fullar\u0131 Omgevingsdienst taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmektedir. S\u00fcrekli Emisyon Y\u00f6netim Sistemleri (CEMS), EN 14181 QAL1\/QAL2\/AST standard\u0131na g\u00f6re sertifikaland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve raporlama platformuna ba\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kur\u015fun baca emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesi, s\u00fcrekli PM izlemesine ek olarak, genellikle akredite bir laboratuvar taraf\u0131ndan periyodik (en az \u00fc\u00e7 ayda bir) izokinetik \u00f6rnekleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS4. Yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki toz giderme i\u015flemi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olursa ve iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 giri\u015findeki PM konsantrasyonu 10 mg\/Nm\u00b3'\u00fcn \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131karsa ne olur?<\/summary>\n
        \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme giri\u015finde PM 10 mg\/Nm\u00b3'\u00fcn \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emici malzemenin kademeli kirlenmesi SO\u2082 emme kapasitesini azaltmaya ba\u015flar. Y\u00fcksek giri\u015f PM'sinden g\u00f6zlemlenebilir SO\u2082 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n devridaim h\u0131z\u0131na ve rejenerasyon kapasitesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, ancak tipik olarak SO\u2082 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, s\u00fcrekli y\u00fcksek PM olay\u0131ndan sonraki saatler veya g\u00fcnler i\u00e7inde y\u00fckselmeye ba\u015flar. M\u00fcdahale protokol\u00fc \u015fu \u015fekilde olmal\u0131d\u0131r: (1) Y\u00fcksek PM'nin nedenini belirlemek i\u00e7in hemen yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f ESP ve torba filtreyi inceleyin; (2) Yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f ekipman\u0131 d\u00fczeltilirken sisteme giren toplam PM ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 verimini azalt\u0131n; (3) Y\u00fcksek PM d\u00f6neminde SO\u2082 emme kapasitesini iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 rejenerasyon h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131n; (4) \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 SO\u2082 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 izin verilen limitin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131karsa, izin ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re yetkili makam\u0131 (Omgevingsdienst) derhal bilgilendirin; (5) Yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f PM sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra, emici maddenin normal performans\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in sonraki 48 saat boyunca iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emme kapasitesinin toparlanmas\u0131n\u0131 izleyin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS5. Bu entegre ar\u0131tma sistemi y\u00fckseltmesinin y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u015fletme maliyetleri nelerdir?<\/summary>\n
        SCR ve \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc y\u00fckseltme bile\u015fenlerinin y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u015fletme maliyetleri \u015funlard\u0131r: (1) Elektrik: 0,4 RMB\/kWh e\u015fde\u011ferinde 123 kW fiili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, 8.000 saat\/y\u0131l = yakla\u015f\u0131k 39,36 on bin RMB\/y\u0131l; (2) Do\u011fal gaz (ek SCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131): 3,2 RMB\/m\u00b3'te 75 m\u00b3\/saat = yakla\u015f\u0131k 192 on bin RMB\/y\u0131l (a\u00e7\u0131k ara en b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fletme maliyeti); (3) Amonyakl\u0131 su: 500 RMB\/ton'da 0,02 ton\/saat = yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 on bin RMB\/y\u0131l. Yeni y\u00fckseltme bile\u015fenlerinin toplam y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u015fletme maliyeti: yakla\u015f\u0131k 239 on bin RMB\/y\u0131l e\u015fde\u011feri. SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi (her 24.000 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatinde, y\u0131lda 8.000 saat kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 y\u0131l) kataliz\u00f6r de\u011fi\u015ftirme maliyeti i\u00e7in ek bir sermaye gideri olu\u015fturur ve bu maliyet 3 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde amortize edilir. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 i\u015fletme maliyeti (mevcut sistemden) bu d\u00f6k\u00fcme dahil de\u011fildir.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS6. SCR sisteminde amonyak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l izlenir ve kontrol edilir?<\/summary>\n
        Amonyak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 (\u22645 ppm tasar\u0131m; 3 ppm ger\u00e7ek) \u015fu \u015fekilde kontrol edilir: (1) SCR giri\u015finde ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 NOx \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc; (2) SCR kontrol sistemi, amonyak enjeksiyonunu minimum gerekli seviyede tutarken NOx \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hedef \u226450 mg\/Nm\u00b3'te tutmak i\u00e7in amonyak su enjeksiyon h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ayarlar; (3) SCR \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli yerinde NH\u2083 analiz\u00f6r\u00fc, 4 ppm'de bir ayar noktas\u0131 alarm\u0131 ve 5 ppm'de otomatik enjeksiyon h\u0131z\u0131 azalt\u0131m\u0131 ile do\u011frudan amonyak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 geri bildirimi sa\u011flar; (4) SCR giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak izlenir ve so\u011fuk s\u0131cakl\u0131kta a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 amonyak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k 210\u00b0C'nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ferse amonyak enjeksiyonu otomatik olarak kesilir. Hollanda \u00e7evre izin ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda, bacadaki amonyak konsantrasyonu periyodik raporlama gerekliliklerine tabi olabilir; CEMS kurulum kapsam\u0131, devreye al\u0131nmadan \u00f6nce Omgevingsdienst ile teyit edilmelidir.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS7. AB tehlikeli at\u0131k y\u00f6netmelikleri kapsam\u0131nda, ar\u0131tma sisteminden \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm kat\u0131 at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndaki kur\u015fun i\u00e7eri\u011fi nas\u0131l y\u00f6netilmektedir?<\/summary>\n
        Kur\u015fun bile\u015fikleri, AB REACH Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ve Tehlikeli At\u0131k Direktifi kapsam\u0131nda tehlikeli maddeler olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ar\u0131tma sisteminden \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm kat\u0131 at\u0131klar (ESP haznesi k\u00fcl\u00fc, torba filtre keki ve \u0131slak ESP \u00e7amuru), tipik olarak at\u0131\u011f\u0131 Avrupa At\u0131k Katalo\u011fu ayna giri\u015f kodlar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin 10 04 01* \u201ckur\u015funun birincil ve ikincil \u00fcretiminden kaynaklanan c\u00fcruflar\u201d) kapsam\u0131nda tehlikeli olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131ran konsantrasyonlarda kur\u015fun i\u00e7erecektir. Her at\u0131k ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde olmal\u0131d\u0131r: (1) Tehlikeli s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmay\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in TCLP s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 testi (EN 12457) ile karakterize edilmelidir; (2) Etiketlenmeli ve ikincil muhafaza ile belirlenmi\u015f tehlikeli at\u0131k alanlar\u0131nda depolanmal\u0131d\u0131r; (3) Tehlikeli At\u0131k Sevk Notlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca lisansl\u0131 tehlikeli at\u0131k ar\u0131tma tesislerine transfer edilmelidir; (4) Y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7evre kay\u0131t giri\u015flerinde ve raporlama e\u015fiklerinin \u00fczerinde E-PRTR bildirimlerinde rapor edilmelidir. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 emici, kullan\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011finde, bertaraf edilmeden \u00f6nce kur\u015fun i\u00e7eri\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan karakterize edilmelidir; emici, hizmet \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca kademeli olarak kur\u015fun bile\u015fiklerini emmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS8. Ayn\u0131 iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme + SCR mimarisi, di\u011fer demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metal geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm at\u0131k gaz ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131na (\u00e7inko, bak\u0131r, al\u00fcminyum) da uygulanabilir mi?<\/summary>\n
        Evet, uygulamaya \u00f6zg\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle. Temel mimari (iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 emiciyi korumak i\u00e7in derin yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f toz giderme + SCR'den \u00f6nce SO\u2082'yi gidermek i\u00e7in iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 FGD + d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck SO\u2082 ortam\u0131nda SCR + SCR s\u0131cakl\u0131k y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m\u0131), di\u011fer demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metal geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm at\u0131k gaz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131na aktar\u0131labilir. \u00c7inko geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm at\u0131k gaz\u0131, \u00e7inko s\u00fclfat ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan y\u00fcksek ZnO partik\u00fclleri ve SO\u2082 i\u00e7erir; bak\u0131r eritme tesisi at\u0131k gaz\u0131 SO\u2082 ve arsenik bile\u015fikleri i\u00e7erir; tuz ak\u0131 f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm at\u0131k gaz\u0131, tipik yanma kirleticilerine ek olarak HCl ve flor\u00fcrler i\u00e7erir. Her uygulama, yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f toz giderme spesifikasyonunun (belirli metal ve bile\u015fik i\u00e7in), iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 kimyas\u0131n\u0131n (belirli SO\u2082 ve HCl\/HF kombinasyonu i\u00e7in) ve SCR kataliz\u00f6r form\u00fclasyonunun (belirli gaz bile\u015fimi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in) uyarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Herhangi bir ekipman belirtilmeden \u00f6nce, her yeni uygulama i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir m\u00fchendislik karakterizasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gereklidir.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS9. SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015ftirme prosed\u00fcr\u00fc nedir ve ne kadar s\u00fcrer?<\/summary>\n
        SCR kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk gaz temas\u0131ndan itibaren 24.000 saatlik kimyasal \u00f6mr\u00fc vard\u0131r (y\u0131lda 8.000 saat kullan\u0131mda yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 y\u0131l). Kataliz\u00f6r de\u011fi\u015fimi, g\u00f6zlemlenen performans d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne tepki olarak de\u011fil, planl\u0131 bir bak\u0131m olay\u0131 olarak planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015fim prosed\u00fcr\u00fc \u015funlar\u0131 gerektirir: (1) SCR reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve so\u011futulmas\u0131; (2) reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan izole edilmesi ve reakt\u00f6r i\u00e7indeki g\u00fcvenli atmosferik ko\u015fullar\u0131n do\u011frulanmas\u0131; (3) kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kataliz\u00f6r mod\u00fcllerinin her katmandan ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kataliz\u00f6r rejenerasyon veya imha tesisine g\u00f6nderilmek \u00fczere paletlenmesi; (4) yeni kataliz\u00f6r mod\u00fcllerinin tak\u0131lmas\u0131; (5) kontroll\u00fc bir \u0131s\u0131nma dizisi ile reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn yeniden devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki bir sistem i\u00e7in (toplam kataliz\u00f6r hacmi 15,03 m\u00b3) kataliz\u00f6r de\u011fi\u015fimi, deneyimli bir ekip i\u00e7in tipik olarak 2-3 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrer. Tesis, bu bak\u0131m kesintisi i\u00e7in \u00f6nceden planlama yapmal\u0131d\u0131r: ya planl\u0131 bir f\u0131r\u0131n bak\u0131m durdurmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda programlanmal\u0131 ya da SCR \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre boyunca izin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalmak i\u00e7in oksidasyon f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131 azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kapasiteyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
        \nS10. \u0130yonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme + d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 SCR sistemleri i\u00e7in yerinde inceleme ziyaretleri yap\u0131labilecek referans kurulumlar mevcut mu?<\/summary>\n
        Evet. Bu vaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan entegre ESP + \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc + torba filtre + iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme + d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 SCR + \u0131slak ESP ar\u0131tma sistemi, ultra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emisyon uyumlulu\u011fu sa\u011flayan kat\u0131 at\u0131k kaynak geri kazan\u0131m\u0131 ve demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metal geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tesislerinde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitelikli potansiyel m\u00fc\u015fteriler i\u00e7in, do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f CEMS uyumluluk verilerine, iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 performans kay\u0131tlar\u0131na ve SCR kataliz\u00f6r aktivite izleme dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131na eri\u015fim de dahil olmak \u00fczere referans saha ziyaretleri d\u00fczenlenebilir. Referans dok\u00fcman\u0131 talep etmek veya benzer bir kur\u015fun geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc veya kat\u0131 at\u0131k kaynak geri kazan\u0131m\u0131 at\u0131k gaz ar\u0131tma tesisinde saha ziyareti d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ileti\u015fim ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n
        \n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tesisiniz i\u00e7in ultra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emisyon standartlar\u0131na ula\u015fmaya haz\u0131r m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/p>\n

        End\u00fcstriyel Emisyon Kontrol \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinin T\u00fcm Yelpazesini Ke\u015ffedin<\/h2>\n

        Kur\u015fun-asit batarya geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tesisleri i\u00e7in iyonik s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt giderme ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 SCR'den End\u00fcstriyel VOC azalt\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in rejeneratif termal oksidasyon sistemleri<\/a>M\u00fchendislik ekibimiz, en zorlu demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metal geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm emisyon kontrol gereksinimleri i\u00e7in AB IED uyumlu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Teknik Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k Talep Edin \u2192<\/a>
        \n        T\u00fcm Emisyon Kontrol Teknolojilerini Ke\u015ffedin<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n

        <\/p>\n